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Detection of Low Copy Number Integrated Viral DNA Formed by In Vitro Hepatitis B Infection
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Existence of hepatitis B virus surface protein mutations and other variants: demand for hepatitis B infection control

Ko Ko1, Kazuaki Takahashi1, Shintaro Nagashima1

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Japan; 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.

BMC Infectious Diseases
|April 27, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Dried blood spots (DBS) effectively detect Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome sequences nationwide. This molecular epidemiology study provides crucial data for controlling HBV transmission, especially mother-to-child, in Cambodia.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a significant public health concern globally.
  • Accurate, up-to-date epidemiological data is essential for effective infection control and surveillance strategies.
  • Dried blood spot (DBS) sampling offers a viable method for large-scale molecular studies, particularly in resource-limited settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detect HBV genome sequences and variants nationwide in Cambodia using DBS samples.
  • To generate current reference data for HBV infection control and surveillance.
  • To assess the utility of DBS for large-scale molecular epidemiological studies of HBV.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized DBS samples from a nationwide sero-survey of mothers and children in Cambodia.
  • Extracted HBV DNA from DBS samples and performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
  • Analyzed partial and full-length HBV genomes to determine genotypes and identify variants.

Main Results:

  • Identified HBsAg positive rates of 4.7% in mothers and 0.52% in children.
  • Genotype C was predominant (80.49%), with Genotype B found in border regions (19.51%).
  • Detected S gene mutants in 24.29% of mothers and 16.67% of children; identified recombinant Genotype B strains and mutations in the core promoter region of HBV C1 strains.

Conclusions:

  • Dried blood spots (DBS) are suitable for large-scale molecular epidemiological studies of HBV in resource-limited countries.
  • Full-genome sequencing enhances understanding of HBV sub-genotypes, variants, and mother-to-child transmission.
  • Findings necessitate improved strategies for preventing and controlling mother-to-child HBV transmission in Cambodia.
Abstract

Keywords:
CambodiaDried blood spotFull genome sequenceGenotypeHepatitis B virusMutationNationwide

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