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Related Concept Videos

Heritability01:06

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Heritability is a statistical concept that measures the degree to which genetic differences among individuals contribute to trait variations within a population. It is a fundamental idea in genetics, often prone to misinterpretation. Heritability is expressed as a percentage, reflecting the proportion of variation in a specific trait across a population that can be linked to genetic differences. However, it's important to understand that heritability does not determine how "genetic"...
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Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
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Behavior genetics explores how genetic inheritance influences human behavior. It focuses on how genes, passed from parents to offspring, contribute to the development of behavioral traits and tendencies. This branch of genetics seeks to understand the complex interplay between inherited genetic factors and environmental influences in shaping our behaviors.
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Gregor Mendel's pioneering work on the principles of inheritance fundamentally transformed our understanding of how traits are transmitted from generation to generation. His experiments with pea plants laid the groundwork for the discovery of genes, discrete units within organisms that control heredity.
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Heritability and Genetics Contribution to Tinnitus.

Jose A Lopez-Escamez1, Sana Amanat2

  • 1Otology & Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO - Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research - Pfizer, University of Granada, Junta de Andalucía, Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, 114, Granada 18016, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.

Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
|April 27, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tinnitus, the perception of sound without an external source, shows significant heritability, particularly in men and young women with bilateral tinnitus. Further research is needed to validate genetic links to this complex auditory condition.

Keywords:
Genetic heritabilityGeneticsGenotypingPrevalenceTinnitus

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Genetics
  • Auditory Neuroscience

Background:

  • Tinnitus is defined as the perception of sound without an external source.
  • Existing genetic studies suggest a heritable component to tinnitus.
  • Tinnitus is frequently associated with comorbidities including hearing loss, sleep disorders, and depression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the genetic heritability of tinnitus.
  • To explore the association of tinnitus with various comorbidities.
  • To identify candidate genes and pathways implicated in tinnitus development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of family, twin, and adoptee cohort studies on tinnitus heritability.
  • Analysis of associations between tinnitus and comorbidities.
  • Examination of reported allelic variants in candidate genes.

Main Results:

  • Higher heritability was observed in men with bilateral tinnitus and young women with bilateral tinnitus.
  • Unilateral tinnitus did not show similar heritability patterns.
  • Several regulatory allelic variants in candidate genes and pathways have been reported.

Conclusions:

  • Tinnitus exhibits significant genetic heritability, with varying patterns based on sex and laterality.
  • The condition's link to numerous comorbidities highlights its systemic impact.
  • Replication studies are crucial to validate the identified genetic factors in tinnitus etiology.