Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Operation of a 25 KWth Calcium Looping Pilot-plant with High Oxygen Concentrations in the Calciner
Published on: October 25, 2017
Calcium Carbide Looping System for Acetaldehyde Manufacturing from Virtually any Carbon Source
Konstantin S Rodygin1,2, Kristina A Lotsman1, Valentine P Ananikov1,2
1Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskiy pr. 26, Stary Petergof, 198504, Russia.
Abstract:
A vinylation/devinylation looping system for acetaldehyde manufacturing was evaluated. Vinylation of iso-butanol with calcium carbide under solvent-free conditions was combined with hydrolysis of the resulting iso-butyl vinyl ether under slightly acidic conditions. Acetaldehyde produced by hydrolysis was collected from the reaction mixture by simple distillation, and the remaining alcohol was redirected to the vinylation step. All the inorganic co-reagents can be looped as well, and the full sequence is totally sustainable. A complete acetaldehyde manufacturing cycle was proposed on the basis of the developed procedure. The cycle was fed with calcium carbide and produced the aldehyde as a single product in a total preparative yield of 97 %. No solvents, hydrocarbons, or metal catalysts were needed to maintain the cycle. As calcium carbide in principle can be synthesized from virtually any source of carbon, the developed technology represents an excellent example of biomass and waste conversion into a valuable industrial product.
Related Concept Videos
Alkylation of β-Ketoester Enolates: Acetoacetic Ester Synthesis
Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis
C–C Bond Formation: Aldol Condensation Overview
Acid-Catalyzed Aldol Addition Reaction
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
Aldol Condensation vs Claisen Condensation

