Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 23, 2025
08:32
Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO•) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO• Signals in Single Cells
Published on: March 16, 2017
13.2K
Regulating the regulator: nitric oxide control of post-translational modifications
Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta1, Zsuzsanna Kolbert2, Jorg Durner3
1National Institute of Plant Genome Research Aruna Asaf Ali Mar, 110067, New Delhi, India.
The New Phytologist
|April 28, 2020
Summary
Nitric oxide (NO) acts as a redox signaling molecule in plants, regulating key cellular processes through protein S-nitrosation. This molecule also orchestrates diverse post-translational modifications for plant adaptation.
Area of Science:
- Plant biology
- Molecular signaling
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Nitric oxide (NO) functions as a critical redox signaling molecule in plants.
- Protein S-nitrosation, the addition of a NO moiety to protein cysteine thiols, is a primary mechanism for NO bioactivity.
- This modification is implicated in plant development, environmental responses, and immune function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review emerging evidence on NO's role in regulating plant post-translational modifications.
- To highlight how NO orchestrates diverse modifications for plant adaptation.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on nitric oxide bioactivity and plant post-translational modifications.
- Analysis of emerging evidence linking NO to SUMOylation, phosphorylation, persulfidation, and acetylation.
Main Results:
- Nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity extends beyond S-nitrosation to regulate multiple post-translational modifications.
- NO influences SUMOylation, phosphorylation, persulfidation, and acetylation in plants.
- These NO-mediated modifications are crucial for plant adaptation to various cellular cues.
Conclusions:
- Nitric oxide is a versatile regulator of plant cellular processes.
- NO's ability to modulate diverse post-translational modifications underscores its importance in plant physiology and adaptation.
Keywords:
S-nitrosationS-nitrosylationSUMOylationnitric oxide (NO)persulfidationphosphorylationreactive nitrogen species (RNS)reactive oxygen species (ROS)More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:28Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway
6.0K
Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure...
6.0K
01:26Protein Modifications in the RER
6.6K
Modification of secretory and transmembrane proteins entering the rough ER begins in the ER lumen. These modifications aid in protein folding and stabilize the acquired tertiary structure. Protein modifications in the rough ER co-occur at different stages of protein folding.
Broadly, these modifications can be categorized into four main categories — glycosylation, formation of disulfide bonds, assembly of protein subunits, and specific proteolytic cleavages like removal of signal...
Broadly, these modifications can be categorized into four main categories — glycosylation, formation of disulfide bonds, assembly of protein subunits, and specific proteolytic cleavages like removal of signal...
6.6K
02:04Covalently Linked Protein Regulators
8.5K
Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
8.5K
01:23Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
1.3K
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
1.3K
02:24Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
25.5K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
25.5K
01:24Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply
3.2K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
3.2K