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When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
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Auditory Gating in Hearing Loss.

Julia Campbell1,2, Mashhood Nielsen1,2, Connor Bean1,2

  • 1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.

Journal of the American Academy of Audiology
|April 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Hearing loss (HL) impairs sensory gating, a key function for neurological health. This study found reduced gating in adults with HL, suggesting compensatory brain networks may be involved.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Clinical Audiology

Background:

  • Sensory gating assesses inhibitory deficits in neurological disorders.
  • Hearing loss (HL) is hypothesized to reduce inhibition, but its impact on gating is unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sensory gating performance in individuals with hearing loss.
  • To compare gating function between normal hearing and hearing loss groups.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, cross-sectional study compared 11 normal hearing (NH) adults with 11 mild-moderate high-frequency HL adults.
  • Cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) were recorded using high-density electroencephalography to assess gating indices.
  • Gating generators were localized using current density reconstructions and correlated with auditory thresholds.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with HL exhibited decreased amplitude gating indices, correlating with elevated auditory thresholds.
  • In normal hearing participants, gating generators were found in temporal, frontal, and prefrontal regions.
  • In the hearing loss group, gating was primarily localized to temporal and parietal areas.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced sensory gating in hearing loss may involve compensatory cortical networks.
  • These findings highlight the importance of considering gating function in clinical populations with hearing loss.