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A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Updated: Dec 23, 2025

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SARS-CoV-2: Camazotz's Curse.

K B Anand1, S Karade2, S Sen3

  • 1Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India.

Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|April 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is caused by a novel coronavirus. Identifying its animal source and understanding interspecies transmission is crucial for controlling COVID-19 and preventing future pandemics.

Keywords:
COVID-19Human coronavirusMERS-CoVSARS CoV-2SARS-CoV

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The current pandemic is caused by SARS-CoV-2, a Betacoronavirus.
  • Previous coronavirus outbreaks include SARS-CoV (2002) and MERS-CoV (2012).
  • Coronaviruses (CoVs) are known to circulate in animal reservoirs, with bats as a likely origin for SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic relationship of SARS-CoV-2 to other coronaviruses.
  • To highlight the need for identifying the intermediate host of SARS-CoV-2.
  • To emphasize the importance of understanding interspecies transmission for pandemic prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Whole genome sequencing and comparative analysis.
  • Phylogenetic analysis of viral strains.
  • Literature review of known coronavirus outbreaks and transmission.

Main Results:

  • SARS-CoV-2 shares 96.2% genomic similarity with bat SARSr-CoV RaTG13.
  • Pangolin CoV shows high similarity to SARS-CoV-2, particularly in the S1 spike protein subunit.
  • Currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 strains exhibit 99.98-100% genomic similarity, suggesting a recent zoonotic event.

Conclusions:

  • Identifying the animal source of SARS-CoV-2 is critical for implementing effective control measures.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of viral interspecies transmission is key to predicting and preventing future pandemics.
  • Further research is needed to pinpoint the intermediate host for SARS-CoV-2.