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Oral radiation-induced sarcomas: Systematic review
Lucas L de Souza1,2, Hélder A R Pontes1,2, Alan R Santos-Silva2
1Oral Surgery and Pathology Department, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital/Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Radiation-induced sarcoma of the oral cavity (RISOC) is rare, affecting males more often, with osteosarcoma being the most common type. Survival rates are poor, with gender and histology impacting outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Oral Medicine
- Radiation Oncology
Background:
- Radiation-induced sarcoma of the oral cavity (RISOC) is a rare but serious complication following radiotherapy.
- Understanding its clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize existing data on RISOC.
- To analyze clinical features, treatment strategies, and prognostic indicators of RISOC.
Main Methods:
- A systematic electronic literature search was conducted in September 2019.
- Included publications required sufficient clinical and histological data for diagnosis confirmation.
Main Results:
- 122 cases of RISOC from 42 publications were analyzed.
- Mean latency: 114 months; Mean radiation dose: 62.5 Gy.
- More prevalent in males (50-60 years), mandible most affected site; Osteosarcoma most common type; Radical surgery was the primary treatment.
Conclusions:
- RISOC has a poor 5-year survival rate (15.1%).
- Gender and histological type are independent prognostic factors for survival in RISOC patients.
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