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Updated: Dec 23, 2025

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Gains through selection for grain yield in a winter wheat breeding program.

Dennis N Lozada1, Brian P Ward2, Arron H Carter1

  • 1Crop and Soil Sciences Department, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States of America.

Plos One
|April 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phenotypic selection (PS) showed the highest grain yield response in winter wheat breeding. Combining PS with genomic selection (GS) improved gains by 23%, suggesting an integrated approach optimizes genetic gain within environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Breeding
  • Quantitative Genetics
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Achieving genetic gain for complex traits is crucial in plant breeding.
  • Various selection strategies exist, including phenotypic, marker-based, and genomic selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of different selection strategies for improving grain yield in a winter wheat breeding program.
  • To estimate response to selection (R) values for phenotypic selection (PS), marker-based selection (MS), genomic selection (GS), and a combined PS and GS approach (PS+GS).

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated ten winter wheat populations over five growing seasons (2015-2019) in Lind and Pullman, WA.
  • Applied PS (top 20% observed yield), MS (yield-enhancing alleles), GS (genomic estimated breeding values), and PS+GS strategies.
  • Calculated response to selection (R) values for each strategy within and across environments.

Main Results:

  • Phenotypic selection (PS) demonstrated the highest mean response (R = 0.61) within a single environment compared to MS and GS.
  • Integrating genomic selection with phenotypic selection (PS+GS) improved response to selection by 23%.
  • Marker-based selection (MS) was unsuccessful, showing a significant decrease in response to selection.

Conclusions:

  • An integrated PS+GS approach offers optimal genetic gain within the same environment for winter wheat grain yield.
  • Phenotypic selection (PS) remains a viable option when gains need validation across different environments.
  • Different selection strategies, applied individually or in combination, can effectively increase genetic gain for yield in winter wheat breeding programs.