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Related Concept Videos

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To describe the motion of an object, one should first be able to describe its position (where it is at any particular time). More precisely, the position needs to be specified relative to a convenient frame of reference. A frame of reference is an arbitrary set of axes from which the position and motion of an object are described. Earth is often used as a frame of reference to describe the position of an object in relation to stationary objects on Earth.
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The position of an object defines its location relative to a convenient frame of reference at any particular time. A frame of reference is an arbitrary set of axes from which the position and motion of an object are described. Earth is often used as a frame of reference, and we often describe the position of an object as it relates to stationary objects on Earth. For example, a rocket launch could be described in terms of the position of the rocket with respect to Earth as a whole. On the other...
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Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
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A square-threaded screw jack is a mechanical device widely used for lifting heavy loads or applying considerable force. Its operation is based on converting the force applied at its handle into a torsional moment, causing the upward impending motion of the screw. This movement is accomplished by overcoming the static friction between the threads of the screw and the jack.
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Velocity and position can be calculated from the known function of acceleration as a function of time. The total area under the acceleration-time graph and the velocity-time graph gives the change in velocity and position, respectively. In the case of an airplane, its acceleration is tracked using the inertial navigation system. The pilot provides the input of the airplane's initial position and velocity before takeoff. The inertial navigation system then uses the acceleration data to...
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A slider-crank mechanism converts rotational motion from the crank into linear motion of the slider or vice versa. This mechanism consists of three main parts: the crank, the connecting rod, and the slider. The movement of the slider-crank is an example of general plane motion as the fluctuating angle between the crank and the connecting rod. Consider a segment AB where point A is at the end of the slider and point B is on the diametrically opposite end to point A, on a crack. The variance in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments
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Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments

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Attention updates the perceived position of moving objects.

Ryohei Nakayama1,1, Alex O Holcombe1

  • 1.

Journal of Vision
|April 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Attention shifts, not privileged action access, explain visual illusions. Shifts reset illusory position shifts, aligning perception with action by updating object positions before rapid eye movements (saccades).

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Psychophysics

Background:

  • Conscious perception and action guidance may rely on different visual information.
  • An illusory position shift caused by object texture motion is a known example, affecting perception but not saccade targeting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether attentional shifts, rather than privileged action access, explain the dissociation between perception and action in visual illusions.
  • To determine if attention resets accumulated illusory position shifts.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments involving illusory position shifts induced by object motion.
  • Manipulating attentional focus using concurrent tasks and object transients.
  • Measuring judgments of object position relative to saccade onset.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 23, 2025

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Main Results:

  • Accumulation of illusory position shift was reset by transients and luminance changes.
  • Attention, particularly when reduced by a concurrent task, influenced the reset effect.
  • Judgments of object position near saccade onset reflected veridical, not illusory, positions.

Conclusions:

  • Attentional shifts preceding saccades can update perceived object positions.
  • This updating mechanism likely mediates the apparent dissociation between conscious perception and action (saccades).
  • The findings challenge the notion of privileged action access, emphasizing attention's role in integrating perception and action.