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Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis Triggered by Interferon Beta-1b Therapy of Multiple Sclerosis: Four Case Reports and a

Carmen Adella Sirbu1,2, Elena Dantes3, Cristina Florentina Plesa1,2

  • 1Neurology Department, Titu Maiorescu University, 040441 Bucharest, Romania.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|April 30, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Multiple sclerosis patients on interferon beta-1b therapy face a risk of active tuberculosis. Screening for latent tuberculosis infection is crucial for these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system.
  • Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are used to manage MS, but some can impact immune function.

Observation:

  • Four cases of severe pulmonary active tuberculosis (TB) were observed in patients with MS.
  • These patients were undergoing treatment with interferon beta-1b (IFNβ-1b).

Findings:

  • IFNβ-1b therapy, like other MS DMTs, may elevate the risk of developing active TB.
  • This risk is linked to the therapy's effects on cellular immunity.

Implications:

  • Screening for latent TB infection (LTBI) is recommended for patients on IFNβ-1b, not just newer MS DMTs.
  • Enhanced patient supervision is necessary for those on IFNβ-1b therapy to monitor for TB development.
Keywords:
IFNβ-1bMycobacterium tuberculosisactive tuberculosiscomorbiditieslatent infectionmultiple sclerosis

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