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Related Concept Videos

Subviral Agents01:29

Subviral Agents

385
Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
385

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Virus-induced Gene Silencing VIGS in Nicotiana benthamiana and Tomato
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Elimination of Viroids from Tobacco Pollen Involves a Decrease in Propagation Rate and an Increase of the Degradation

Jaroslav Matoušek1, Lenka Steinbachová2, Lenka Záveská Drábková2

  • 1Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Branišovská 31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|April 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Apple fruit crinkle viroid (AFCVd) is eliminated from tobacco pollen during development, preventing its transmission to seeds. This occurs through RNA degradation pathways and pollen-specific factors, blocking plant-to-plant viroid spread.

Keywords:
AFCVd and CBCVd propagation and eradicationNicotiana tabacumTUDOR S-nucleasemale gametophyterecombinant AGOsmall RNAstrand-specific viroid RT-qPCRviroid degradationviroid replication

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Area of Science:

  • Plant pathology
  • Molecular biology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Viroids are plant RNA pathogens.
  • Some viroids are not seed-transmissible via pollen.
  • Understanding pollen transmission barriers is crucial for plant disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the elimination mechanism of apple fruit crinkle viroid (AFCVd) from tobacco pollen.
  • To identify factors contributing to the lack of AFCVd transmission through seeds.

Main Methods:

  • RNA deep sequencing of infected tobacco pollen at various developmental stages.
  • Molecular analyses including Northern blotting and quantification of viroid levels.
  • Reciprocal pollination experiments to assess transmissibility.

Main Results:

  • AFCVd was completely eradicated from pollen during late development and fertilization.
  • Viroid replication was significantly reduced in pollen compared to leaves.
  • Evidence of specific and non-specific RNA degradation targeting viroid chains was observed.
  • Increased expression of RNA-degrading factors (e.g., AGO5, DCL, TUDOR S) correlated with viroid decline.
  • Pollen's functional status, involving transcription factors and ribosomal proteins, may suppress viroid replication.

Conclusions:

  • Pollen development actively eliminates AFCVd, preventing seed transmission.
  • RNA degradation mechanisms and pollen-specific factors are key to this elimination process.
  • This study elucidates a critical barrier to viroid propagation in plants.