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Analysis of Craniomaxillofacial Malformations in Mice Using Three-dimensional Microcomputed Tomography
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Three-dimensional changes in the craniofacial complex associated with soft-diet feeding.

Kana Kono1, Chihiro Tanikawa2, Yuka Murata2

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.

European Journal of Orthodontics
|April 30, 2020
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Summary

Soft-food diet feeding in mice reduced craniofacial development, particularly affecting chewing muscle attachment sites. This dietary change led to narrower zygomatic arches and an anterior shift in cranial bone regions, impacting jaw relationships.

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Area of Science:

  • Craniofacial Development
  • Biomechanics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Masticatory force is a critical factor influencing craniofacial development.
  • Dietary consistency, particularly the shift towards softer foods, may alter normal growth patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify topological deviations in craniofacial structures caused by a soft-food diet.
  • To map phenotypic changes in three-dimensional (3D) images.

Main Methods:

  • Mice were fed either a soft diet (SD) or a hard diet (HD) from 3 to 9 weeks of age.
  • Micro-computed tomography and 3D surface-based analysis were used to assess bony surface topography and skeletal displacement.
  • Wire mesh fitting and 2D landmark measurements confirmed 3D changes.

Main Results:

  • Soft-food diet feeding resulted in narrower zygomatic arches and temporal muscle attachment regions.
  • Anterior displacement of temporal and parietal bone regions was observed, leading to shortened sagittal zygomatic arches.
  • Reduced vertical height of the craniofacial structure was noted in the soft-diet group.

Conclusions:

  • Soft-food diet feeding negatively impacts craniofacial bony development at chewing muscle attachment sites.
  • Anterior bone shifts in the temporal and parietal regions due to soft-food diet may alter the skeletal inter-jaw relationship.