Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 23, 2025
05:47
Evidence-based Knowledge Synthesis and Hypothesis Validation: Navigating Biomedical Knowledge Bases via Explainable AI and Agentic Systems
Published on: June 13, 2025
1.1K
Manipulative evidence and medical interventions: some qualifications
Raffaella Campaner1, Matteo Cerri2
1Department of Philosophy and Communication Studies, University of Bologna, Via Zamboni 38, 40126, Bologna, Italy. raffaella.campaner@unibo.it.
History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences
|April 30, 2020
Summary
This study refines the concept of manipulative evidence in medicine. It distinguishes between interventional evidence and evidence for interventions, offering a clearer understanding of medical manipulations and their aims.
Area of Science:
- Philosophy of Medicine
- Medical Research Methodology
Background:
- Causal evidence in medicine is debated, particularly within Evidence-Based Medicine.
- Manipulative evidence, central to Gillies' action-related theory of causality, requires further qualification for medical contexts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To refine the notion of manipulative evidence for better application in medical practice.
- To distinguish between "interventional evidence" and "evidence for interventions".
Main Methods:
- Philosophical analysis of causal evidence in medicine.
- In-depth case study from rare disease research.
- Development of a multifaceted notion of manipulative evidence.
Main Results:
- Proposed a distinction between "interventional evidence" and "evidence for interventions".
- Introduced a nuanced, multifaceted concept of manipulative evidence tailored for medical contexts.
- Clarified the nature and targets of manipulations in medical settings.
Conclusions:
- The refined notion of manipulative evidence enhances understanding of medical interventions.
- Distinguishing between types of interventional evidence is crucial for medical research and practice.
- The proposed framework aids in analyzing manipulations within biomedical sciences.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Psychosurgery
793
Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...
793
01:23Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
330
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
330
02:07Blind Procedures
12.7K
Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
12.7K
01:11Blinding
3.8K
Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
3.8K
01:15Methods of Documentation VI: Case Management Model
787
The case management model is a multidisciplinary approach that involves healthcare professionals from diverse disciplines, such as physicians, nurses, therapists, social workers, and pharmacists, working collaboratively to address the various needs of patients. Each healthcare professional brings unique expertise and perspectives, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the patient's condition and tailoring treatment plans accordingly.
For example, a patient with a chronic...
For example, a patient with a chronic...
787
01:23Methods of Documentation V: CBE
1.3K
Charting by Exception, or CBE, is a method of documentation used in healthcare, particularly in nursing, that focuses on documenting only significant or abnormal findings rather than recording every detail. This approach aims to streamline the documentation process, improve efficiency, and ensure that healthcare providers can quickly identify deviations from normalcy in patient assessments.
In CBE, healthcare professionals establish predefined standards of practice that define what constitutes...
In CBE, healthcare professionals establish predefined standards of practice that define what constitutes...
1.3K