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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Author Spotlight: An Efficient Methodology to Confidently Differentiate and Characterize Fentanyl Analogs
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Fentanyl Detection Using Eosin Y Paper Assays.

Jeremy R Canfield1, Sandip Agarwal2, Samuel K Fortener3

  • 1The Ohio Attorney General's Center for the Future of Forensic Science, Bowling Green State University, 116 Life Sciences, Bowling Green, OH, 43403.

Journal of Forensic Sciences
|April 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eosin Y dye can detect low levels of fentanyl, even in mixtures with other drugs. This new color test shows promise for identifying fentanyl and its analogues in forensic samples.

Keywords:
cobalt thiocyanatecolor testeosin Yfentanyl analoguespresumptive drug testtertiary amines

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Chemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Eosin Y is an understudied dye with potential for illicit drug detection.
  • Fentanyl and its analogues pose a significant public health risk, necessitating rapid detection methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate Eosin Y as a colorimetric test for fentanyl and its analogues.
  • To determine the binding mechanism and functional groups involved in Eosin Y-fentanyl interaction.
  • To establish the detection limit of Eosin Y for fentanyl in drug mixtures.

Main Methods:

  • Testing various drugs of abuse and fentanyl analogues with Eosin Y.
  • Analyzing functional group interactions and color changes.
  • Determining fentanyl detection limits in mixtures with cutting agents.
  • Comparing Eosin Y with cobalt thiocyanate for fentanyl detection.

Main Results:

  • Eosin Y detects fentanyl at concentrations as low as 1%.
  • The dye binds to tertiary amines, causing an orange to pink color change.
  • Eosin Y exhibits primary and secondary binding sites on fentanyl's nitrogen atoms.
  • Eosin Y demonstrated superior detection of fentanyl in mixtures compared to cobalt thiocyanate.

Conclusions:

  • Eosin Y is a sensitive colorimetric reagent for detecting fentanyl and analogues.
  • The dye effectively screens for fentanyl, even at low concentrations in complex mixtures.
  • Eosin Y shows potential for use in forensic analysis of illicit drug samples.