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Spatial Beam Self-Cleaning in Second-Harmonic Generation.

K Krupa^1,2, R Fona^3,4, A Tonello⁵

¹Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland. kkrupa@ichf.edu.pl.

Scientific Reports

|May 1, 2020

Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Spatial self-cleaning was observed in optical beams during second-harmonic generation. Higher beam energy transformed speckled patterns into a single, bell-shaped spot, demonstrating beam cleanup and self-focusing.

Area of Science:

Nonlinear Optics
Quantum Optics
Laser Physics

Background:

Highly multimode optical beams often exhibit complex, speckled intensity patterns.
Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a key nonlinear optical process for frequency conversion.
Spatial beam cleanup is desirable for improving beam quality in nonlinear processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally demonstrate spatial self-cleaning of a multimode optical beam during SHG.
To investigate the effect of beam energy on the output beam profile.
To analyze the relationship between beam cleanup, self-focusing, and phase mismatch in nonlinear crystals.

Main Methods:

Experimental setup utilizing a quadratic nonlinear potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) crystal.

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Generation of second-harmonic through nonlinear optical interaction.

Varying beam energy and observing output beam characteristics.

Analysis of intensity patterns and beam profiles at different energy levels.

Main Results:

Observation of spatial self-cleaning in a highly multimode optical beam.
Transformation of speckled patterns into a single, bell-shaped output spot with increasing beam energy.
Significant self-focusing of the fundamental beam accompanying the beam cleanup.
Demonstration of this effect for both positive and negative linear phase mismatch near phase matching.

Conclusions:

Spatial self-cleaning is an achievable phenomenon in SHG within quadratic nonlinear media.
Beam cleanup is intrinsically linked to self-focusing effects.
The observed phenomenon offers a method for improving optical beam quality in nonlinear frequency conversion processes.