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Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles
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LDL-Cholesterol-Lowering Therapy

Angela Pirillo1,2, Giuseppe D Norata3,1, Alberico L Catapano4,5

  • 1Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, E. Bassini Hospital, Milan, Italy.

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
|May 1, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Elevated LDL-C causes cardiovascular disease, making LDL-C reduction key for prevention. New drugs offer alternatives or complements to statins for managing residual cardiovascular risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Pharmacology
  • Lipid Metabolism

Background:

  • Established link between high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Statins are primary therapy for lowering LDL-C, but residual CVD risk persists.
  • Need for alternative or adjunctive lipid-lowering therapies due to statin intolerance and residual risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of LDL-C in cardiovascular disease.
  • To discuss the limitations of statin therapy.
  • To explore novel lipid-lowering drugs with different mechanisms or targets.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental and clinical studies on LDL-C and CVD.
  • Analysis of therapeutic strategies for lipid management.
  • Examination of recently approved lipid-lowering agents.

Main Results:

  • Confirmation of LDL-C as a major cardiovascular risk factor.
  • Identification of residual lipid-related risk despite statin use.
  • Emergence of new drugs targeting different lipoproteins or pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Reducing LDL-C remains a critical goal in cardiovascular disease prevention.
  • New pharmacological options are available for patients needing alternatives or additions to statins.
  • These advancements address unmet needs in managing hyperlipidemia and reducing cardiovascular risk.

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseaseDyslipidemiasEzetimibeFamilial hypercholesterolemiaHypercholesterolemiaHypertriglyceridemiaLipid-lowering drugsLow-density lipoprotein cholesterolLow-density lipoprotein receptorProprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9Statins

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