Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

1.0K
Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
1.0K
IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

2.1K
There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
2.1K
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab01:21

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab

924
For AAS measurements, samples must be introduced as clear solutions, often requiring extensive preliminary treatment to dissolve materials like soils, animal tissues, and minerals. Common methods for sample preparation include treatment with hot mineral acids, wet ashing, combustion in closed containers, high-temperature ashing, or fusion with reagents.
 Solutions containing organic solvents, such as low-molecular-mass alcohols, esters, or ketones, enhance absorbances by increasing...
924
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

4.4K
When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
4.4K
IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

1.7K
IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the...
1.7K
Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview01:11

Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview

1.9K
The non-destructive nature and ability to provide valuable chemical information make IR spectroscopy a versatile technique with broad applications in various scientific and industrial fields. IR spectroscopy is commonly used to identify and characterize organic and inorganic compounds. It provides information about the functional groups present in a molecule and the bonding between atoms. This helps in the structural elucidation of compounds during organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research,...
1.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

International Survey of Thromboprophylaxis Practices During Neoadjuvant Therapy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Clinical genitourinary cancer·2026
Same author

A Delphi consensus for implementing genomic testing in unresectable or metastatic urothelial cancer.

BJU international·2026
Same author

Evaluating BCG response in primary and metachronous non-muscle invasive bladder cancer following prior upper tract urothelial cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Urologic oncology·2026
Same author

Optical Interference Coating Design Challenge 2025: a design for production and an immersed, three-line, polarizing notch filter [Invited].

Applied optics·2026
Same author

Smart color designs with Ag and Au metal island films: a theoretical study.

Applied optics·2026
Same author

Effect of HbA1c and Inflammatory Hematological Markers on Postoperative Outcomes in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery.

Cureus·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 22, 2025

Improving Infrared Spectroscopy Characterization of Soil Organic Matter with Spectral Subtractions
08:57

Improving Infrared Spectroscopy Characterization of Soil Organic Matter with Spectral Subtractions

Published on: January 10, 2019

13.0K

Optimum Sample Thickness for Trace Analyte Detection with Field-Resolved Infrared Spectroscopy.

Marinus Huber1,2, Michael Trubetskov1, Syed A Hussain1,2

  • 1Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, Garching 85748, Germany.

Analytical Chemistry
|May 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Field-resolved spectroscopy (FRS) offers enhanced sensitivity for analyzing aqueous samples in the infrared region. This technique improves measurement dynamic range and detection limits for vibrational spectroscopy applications.

More Related Videos

Atomic Force Microscopy Combined with Infrared Spectroscopy as a Tool to Probe Single Bacterium Chemistry
08:51

Atomic Force Microscopy Combined with Infrared Spectroscopy as a Tool to Probe Single Bacterium Chemistry

Published on: September 15, 2020

4.5K
Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Identification of Dispersant/Particle Bonding Mechanisms in Functional Inks
10:31

Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Identification of Dispersant/Particle Bonding Mechanisms in Functional Inks

Published on: May 8, 2015

14.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 22, 2025

Improving Infrared Spectroscopy Characterization of Soil Organic Matter with Spectral Subtractions
08:57

Improving Infrared Spectroscopy Characterization of Soil Organic Matter with Spectral Subtractions

Published on: January 10, 2019

13.0K
Atomic Force Microscopy Combined with Infrared Spectroscopy as a Tool to Probe Single Bacterium Chemistry
08:51

Atomic Force Microscopy Combined with Infrared Spectroscopy as a Tool to Probe Single Bacterium Chemistry

Published on: September 15, 2020

4.5K
Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Identification of Dispersant/Particle Bonding Mechanisms in Functional Inks
10:31

Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Identification of Dispersant/Particle Bonding Mechanisms in Functional Inks

Published on: May 8, 2015

14.1K

Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Liquid water strongly absorbs infrared (IR) light in the molecular fingerprint region, hindering vibrational spectroscopy.
  • High-power IR lasers improve sample penetration but don't fully overcome sensitivity issues in aqueous samples.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the advantages of heterodyne-measurement-based techniques, specifically field-resolved spectroscopy (FRS), for broadband IR measurements.
  • To demonstrate the theoretical and experimental benefits of electric field-scaling signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) over intensity-scaling SNR.

Main Methods:

  • Employed field-resolved spectroscopy (FRS) for theoretical and experimental analysis.
  • Investigated techniques with SNR scaling linearly with electric field versus those scaling with radiation intensity.
  • Utilized subcycle, nonlinear gating to achieve robustness against intensity noise.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that electric field-scaling squares the measurement dynamic range.
  • Identified an optimal sample interaction length twice that typically used for Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
  • Achieved sub-microgram/mL detection sensitivities for aqueous samples with path lengths up to 80 μm and lower microgram/mL for 200 μm paths.

Conclusions:

  • FRS offers fundamental advantages over conventional FTIR and direct absorption spectroscopy for analyzing aqueous samples.
  • The technique provides robustness against intensity noise, crucial for high-power IR sources.
  • FRS enables highly sensitive vibrational spectroscopy in the challenging IR molecular fingerprint region for biological and chemical applications.