[Minimally invasive surgical interventions in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis]

To improve the outcomes in patients with severe destructive pancreatitis undergoing minimally invasive surgery.

There were 482 patients with acute destructive pancreatitis for the period from 2007 to 2016. Non-infected acute destructive pancreatitis was diagnosed in 58% (n=280) of patients, infected pancreatic necrosis - in 42% (n=202) of patients. Minimally invasive technologies were used in the treatment of purulent complications of destructive pancreatitis: endoscopic papillotomy, percutaneous puncture of fluid accumulations, ultrasound- and X-ray-assisted drainage of abscesses and retroperitoneal phlegmon.

There were 688 drainage surgeries in 92 patients with infected pancreatic necrosis: US-assisted Seldinger drainage - 599 (87%), single-stage drainage - 89 (13%) cases. Percutaneous transfistular retroperitoneal interventions were made in 72 patients (one intervention - 29 patients, redo procedures - 43 patients). Complications associated with minimally invasive procedures developed in 2.7% (19) of cases. Six patients required laparotomy. Mean length of hospital-stay was 36.5 days. Mean rate of restitution of post-necrotic areas was 37.7 days.

Minimally invasive procedures reduce overall mortality up to 6% in patients with acute pancreatitis and up to 14% in those with destructive forms of inflammation.