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Host genetic susceptibility to mycetoma
Rayan S Ali1,2, Melanie J Newport2, Sahar Mubarak Bakhiet1,3
1The Mycetoma Research Centre, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases
|May 1, 2020
Summary
Host genetic factors influence susceptibility to mycetoma, a neglected tropical disease. Research identified 13 genes associated with mycetoma risk, highlighting the need for genomic studies to develop targeted treatments and personalized care.
Area of Science:
- Medical Mycology
- Human Genetics
- Tropical Diseases
Background:
- Mycetoma is a neglected tropical disease characterized by painless swelling, sinuses, and discharge containing grains.
- Susceptibility is linked to environmental, pathogen, and host factors, including genetic predisposition.
- Host genetics likely play a complex role in mycetoma development, interacting with environmental and pathogen elements.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing knowledge on genetic predisposition to fungal infections relevant to mycetoma.
- To explore studies investigating host genetic susceptibility to mycetoma.
- To identify potential genetic targets for mycetoma treatment and prevention.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on genetic factors in fungal infections and mycetoma.
- Analysis of studies investigating polymorphisms in candidate genes related to immune response.
- Exploration of genetic pathways and systems implicated in mycetoma susceptibility.
Main Results:
- Thirteen genes with allelic variants associated with mycetoma were identified.
- These genes are involved in innate/adaptive immunity, sex hormone biosynthesis, and host enzyme functions.
- No previous studies investigating these genetic associations have been replicated.
Conclusions:
- Host genetic variation significantly contributes to mycetoma susceptibility.
- Genomic studies, including genome-wide association and NGS, are crucial for identifying mycetoma-associated variants.
- Understanding genetic factors can lead to new treatments and personalized preventive strategies for mycetoma.
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