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Difference in eye movements during gait analysis between professionals and trainees.

Kazuhiro Hayashi1,2, Shuichi Aono1,3, Mitsuhiro Fujiwara4

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Summary

Physical therapists (PTs) observe gait abnormalities more efficiently than trainees. Professionals exhibit shorter fixation durations and higher abnormality detection during observational gait analysis, indicating enhanced visual expertise.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Ophthalmology
  • Physical Therapy

Background:

  • Observational gait analysis is a core physical therapy skill.
  • Objective assessments of this skill are lacking.
  • Eye movement patterns during gait observation are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in eye movement patterns between experienced physical therapists and trainees during observational gait analysis.
  • To correlate eye movement metrics with the ability to identify gait abnormalities.

Main Methods:

  • 26 professional physical therapists (PTs) and 26 PT trainees participated.
  • Participants observed a patient and described gait abnormalities while wearing eye-tracking systems.
  • Eye movement parameters recorded included fixation count, average fixation duration, and total fixation duration.

Main Results:

  • Professionals identified significantly more gait abnormalities than trainees, particularly in limb movements.
  • Professionals had a higher fixation count but shorter average and total fixation durations compared to trainees.
  • No significant differences in abnormality detection or eye movements were found for trunk movements.

Conclusions:

  • Expert physical therapists demonstrate superior efficiency in observational gait analysis.
  • Shorter fixation durations in professionals correlate with identifying more gait abnormalities, suggesting refined visual search strategies.