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Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
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Thermal Relic Targets with Exponentially Small Couplings.

Raffaele Tito D'Agnolo1, Duccio Pappadopulo2, Joshua T Ruderman3

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Dark matter production via inelastic scattering allows for significantly smaller couplings than annihilation. This opens new thermal relic targets for dark matter detection experiments, particularly those involving electrons.

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Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Particle Physics
  • Astrophysics

Background:

  • The production mechanism of dark matter in the early Universe dictates constraints on its fundamental properties, such as its interaction strength.
  • Annihilation into Standard Model particles is a common theoretical production pathway for dark matter, leading to specific experimental targets for its coupling strength.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore alternative dark matter production mechanisms beyond simple annihilation.
  • To investigate the implications of inelastic scattering for dark matter coupling strengths and experimental search strategies.
  • To identify new thermal relic targets for direct detection and fixed-target experiments.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of dark matter production via inelastic scattering in the early Universe thermal bath.
  • Comparison of coupling strength requirements for inelastic scattering versus annihilation production.
  • Application of the inelastic scattering model to dark matter production via interactions with electrons.

Main Results:

  • Dark matter production through inelastic scattering requires exponentially smaller couplings compared to annihilation.
  • Inelastic scattering provides a viable mechanism for producing dark matter with very weak interactions.
  • Dark matter produced via inelastic scattering off electrons presents novel thermal relic targets for experimental searches.

Conclusions:

  • Inelastic scattering is a crucial alternative mechanism for dark matter production, relaxing constraints on its coupling strength.
  • The study highlights the importance of considering diverse production channels to fully explore the dark matter parameter space.
  • Dark matter produced via inelastic scattering with electrons offers promising new avenues for direct detection and fixed-target experiments.