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Vector Vortex Beam Emitter Embedded in a Photonic Chip.

Yuan Chen1,2, Ke-Yu Xia3,4,5,6, Wei-Guan Shen1,7

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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed the first embedded photonic chip emitter for vector vortex beams, crucial for high-capacity communication and quantum information processing. This breakthrough enables direct on-chip manipulation of these light beams, enhancing data transmission capabilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Quantum Information Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Vector vortex beams (VVBs) offer unique spin and orbital angular momentum properties, presenting opportunities for advanced optical applications.
  • Existing methods primarily focus on emitting VVBs from chip surfaces, limiting their integration within photonic circuits.
  • The development of on-chip VVB generation is critical for next-generation communication and quantum technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the first realization of vector vortex beam generation directly within a photonic chip.
  • To investigate the efficiency and underlying physics of embedded VVB generation.
  • To pave the way for on-chip manipulation and application of VVBs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized femtosecond laser direct writing to fabricate an embedded VVB emitter within a photonic chip.
  • Quantified conversion efficiencies from Gaussian beams to VVBs and scalar vortex beams.
  • Developed an expanded coupled-mode model to analyze mode conversion and fabrication imperfections.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated the first embedded emitter for vector vortex beams on a photonic chip.
  • Achieved up to 30% efficiency for vector vortex beam conversion and up to 74% for scalar vortex beams from Gaussian beams.
  • Presented a theoretical model explaining mode conversion and fabrication tolerance.

Conclusions:

  • Embedded generation of VVBs within photonic chips is now feasible, eliminating the need for external interconnections.
  • This technology enables direct on-chip transmission, manipulation, and emission of VVBs.
  • The results facilitate the integration of VVBs into photonic chips for high-capacity communication and high-dimensional quantum information processing.