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Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

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Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
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Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)01:15

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Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is an advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique specifically designed to detect and enhance the signals of low-abundance nuclei, such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15, in small molecules. The fundamental principle behind INEPT is the transfer of polarization from a more abundant and highly polarizable nucleus, typically hydrogen-1, to the low-abundance nucleus of interest. This process effectively boosts the NMR signal of the...
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Irradiation of a spin-active nucleus causes an increase or decrease in the signal intensity of neighboring nuclei that are not necessarily chemically bonded or involved in J-coupling. This phenomenon, called the nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE), results from through-space interactions between the nuclear spins. The NOE effect decreases with increasing internuclear distance and is generally not observed beyond 4 angstroms. In NOE, dipole-dipole interactions between neighboring spin-active...
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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a phenomenon exhibited by certain nuclei that can absorb characteristic radio frequency radiation under certain conditions. NMR has been extensively applied in molecular spectroscopy and medical diagnostic imaging. In both these applications, the molecule or subject under study is placed in a magnetic field and irradiated with radio frequency energy.
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A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
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NMR Spectrometers: Overview01:20

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NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...
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Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor
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The energy-resolved neutron imaging system, RADEN.

Takenao Shinohara1, Tetsuya Kai1, Kenichi Oikawa1

  • 1J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|May 3, 2020
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Summary

The RADEN system offers advanced neutron imaging techniques for materials science. It provides quantitative crystallographic, elemental, and magnetic field information, advancing materials analysis at pulsed neutron sources.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Neutron Physics
  • Accelerator Technology

Background:

  • The Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex houses the RADEN system.
  • Pulsed neutron sources offer unique capabilities for materials characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the neutronic performance and installed devices of the RADEN system.
  • To demonstrate the capabilities of novel quantitative neutron imaging techniques at a pulsed neutron source.

Main Methods:

  • Installation and characterization of the RADEN energy-resolved neutron imaging system.
  • Implementation of Bragg-edge imaging, resonance absorption imaging, and polarized neutron imaging.
  • Demonstration studies utilizing the unique features of pulsed neutron imaging.

Main Results:

  • RADEN, the first imaging beam-line at a pulsed neutron source, has been successfully installed and characterized.
  • The system enables advanced techniques including Bragg-edge imaging for crystallographic data, resonance absorption imaging for elemental and temperature data, and polarized neutron imaging for magnetic field data.
  • Demonstration studies showcased the potential of these techniques for materials analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The RADEN system provides novel quantitative neutron imaging capabilities at a pulsed neutron source.
  • These techniques significantly expand the possibilities for materials characterization, offering insights into crystallographic, elemental, thermal, and magnetic properties.
  • RADEN represents a significant advancement in neutron imaging technology for scientific research.