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COVID-19: Epidemiology, Evolution, and Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives
Jiumeng Sun1, Wan-Ting He1, Lifang Wang2
1MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Institute of Immunology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
Trends in Molecular Medicine
|May 4, 2020
Summary
The COVID-19 outbreak, caused by SARS-CoV-2 originating in bats, highlights the need for cross-disciplinary collaboration. Veterinarians and animal health experts are crucial in combating this epidemic, especially given the virus
Area of Science:
- * Epidemiology and Virology
- * Public Health
- * One Health Model
Background:
- * The COVID-19 outbreak (caused by SARS-CoV-2) rapidly became a global health emergency.
- * Traditional interventions are challenged by asymptomatic carriers and lack of treatments.
- * The virus' origin and transmission dynamics require urgent investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To characterize the epidemiological and virological features of the COVID-19 outbreak.
- * To explore the origins and transmission pathways of SARS-CoV-2.
- * To propose a collaborative approach for epidemic control.
Main Methods:
- * Review of epidemiological data related to the COVID-19 outbreak.
- * Analysis of virological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2.
- * Assessment of host-pathogen interactions and transmission dynamics.
Main Results:
- * SARS-CoV-2 likely originated in bats, with potential intermediate host evolution before human transmission.
- * Similarities in receptor binding suggest a low species barrier for transmission to farm animals.
- * The virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2, spread rapidly.
Conclusions:
- * The One Health model emphasizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health.
- * Cross-disciplinary collaboration involving veterinarians and animal health specialists is essential for effective epidemic control.
- * Understanding zoonotic origins and transmission is key to preventing future outbreaks.
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