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Related Concept Videos

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control01:24

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control

381
Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
The design of phase-lead control involves the strategic placement of poles and zeros to balance steady-state error and system...
381
Power in a Three-Phase Circuit01:15

Power in a Three-Phase Circuit

540
Three-phase systems have two configurations: the wye and delta. A star configuration can be three or four wires; in a delta configuration, the components are connected in a closed loop. Instantaneous power refers to the power value at a precise moment, and in a balanced three-phase system, it is constant. This is because the sum of the instantaneous powers in the three phases remains steady over time, despite individual fluctuations, due to the symmetry and phase relationship. The total...
540
Gain01:15

Gain

331
Gain and phase shift are properties of linear circuits that describe the effect a circuit has on a sinusoidal input voltage or current. The circuit's behavior that contains reactive elements will depend on the frequency of the input sinusoid. As a result, it is observed that the gain and phase shift will all be frequency functions.
Gain:
Suppose Vin is the input and Vout is the output signal to a circuit.
331
Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers01:22

Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers

473
Understanding the working function of different types of controllers can be illustrated with practical analogies, such as adjusting a stereo's volume equalizer. Cranking up the bass involves a phase-lead controller, which functions as a high-pass filter, while increasing the treble uses a phase-lag controller, which acts as a low-pass filter. PD controllers, similar to high-pass filters, enhance the system's response to high-frequency components. PI controllers, akin to low-pass...
473
Power Factor01:11

Power Factor

616
The power factor is defined as the ratio of average (or active) power to apparent power, as illustrated by the relation
616
Line Loss01:10

Line Loss

447
The different configurations of source-load connections include wye (star) and delta connections. The relationship between line and phase voltages and currents varies depending on the configuration. When the source is supplying power, it is transmitted through the wires to the load, and during this transmission, some power is absorbed by the wires, leading to line loss.
Line loss impacts power delivery efficiency in a balanced three-phase circuit. The symmetry in such a circuit simplifies the...
447

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 22, 2025

A Task for Assessing the Impact of a Partner on the Speed and Accuracy of Motor Performance in Rats
06:17

A Task for Assessing the Impact of a Partner on the Speed and Accuracy of Motor Performance in Rats

Published on: October 17, 2019

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Association of phase angle and running performance.

Laurence Genton1, Julie Mareschal1, K Norman2

  • 1Clinical Nutrition, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Switzerland.

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
|May 4, 2020
PubMed
Summary

A high phase angle, measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis, positively correlates with running speed in both men and women. This finding suggests phase angle may be a useful indicator of running performance.

Keywords:
Bioelectrical impedance analysisRunning performance

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Comparative Analysis of Lower Limb Kinematics between the Initial and Terminal Phase of 5km Treadmill Running
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Last Updated: Dec 22, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Sports Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • High phase angle from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is linked to physical activity levels.
  • The relationship between phase angle and running performance is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between phase angle and running speed in a large cohort.
  • To determine if phase angle can predict running performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 2264 participants in the Course de l'Escalade (1999-2016).
  • Measured phase angle using 50-kHz tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance analysis.
  • Performed sex-specific univariate and multivariate regressions, adjusting for covariates, to assess the relationship between phase angle and running speed.

Main Results:

  • Phase angle was significantly associated with running speed in both women and men in univariate analyses (p < 0.001).
  • Multivariate regression confirmed a significant positive association between phase angle and running speed in both sexes (p < 0.001).
  • Adjusted R-squared values indicated that phase angle explained a notable portion of the variance in running speed (0.262 for women, 0.282 for men).

Conclusions:

  • Phase angle is positively associated with running performance in both male and female runners.
  • Further research is needed to confirm if this association reflects training benefits and if phase angle can monitor performance improvements.