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Possibilities for a specific breeding program for organic dairy production.

M Slagboom1, L Hjortø1, A C Sørensen1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Aarhus University, 8830 Tjele, Denmark.

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|May 4, 2020
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Summary

Developing specific breeding goals for organic dairy production can enhance genetic gain, especially for functional traits. Tailored strategies, considering factors like embryo transfer and bull selection, are crucial for optimizing organic dairy farming outcomes.

Keywords:
breeding strategydairy cowgenetic gainorganic production

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Breeding and Genetics
  • Sustainable Agriculture
  • Dairy Science

Background:

  • Organic and conventional dairy production systems have distinct requirements.
  • Current breeding programs are often uniform, potentially limiting genetic gain in organic systems.
  • Genotype × environment interactions and specific regulations (e.g., embryo transfer) necessitate tailored breeding strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate environment-specific breeding strategies for organic dairy production.
  • To assess the impact of different breeding goal weights, genotype × environment interactions, and multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET) usage.
  • To analyze the effect of selecting breeding bulls from conventional versus organic environments.

Main Methods:

  • Simulation of various breeding scenarios based on Danish dairy production.
  • Comparison of genetic gain under different breeding goals and management practices (MOET, bull selection).
  • Assessment of genetic gain at both aggregate and individual trait levels.

Main Results:

  • Implementing specific breeding goals for organic dairy slightly increased aggregate genetic gain.
  • Excluding embryo transfer or restricting bull selection to the organic environment decreased aggregate genetic gain by up to 24%.
  • Significant improvements in functional traits were achieved with organic-specific breeding goals without compromising overall genetic gain.

Conclusions:

  • Environment-specific breeding goals are beneficial for organic dairy production, particularly for enhancing functional traits.
  • The exclusion of embryo transfer and selection of bulls solely from the organic environment can reduce genetic gain.
  • Breeding strategies must be adapted to organic regulations and specific production goals for optimal outcomes.