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Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide potentiates the hypoxemia-induced decrease in splanchnic circulation in the rat.

E R Grisoni1, E Brown-Armstrong, S C Kalhan

  • 1Department of Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital, OH 44109.

Journal of Pediatric Surgery
|December 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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High concentrations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) reduce splanchnic circulation, an effect amplified by hypoxemia. This suggests VIP

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) is a peptide hormone with known vasodilatory effects.
  • The impact of VIP on splanchnic circulation, particularly under conditions of reduced oxygen (hypoxemia), requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) infusion on splanchnic circulation in rats.
  • To determine how hypoxemia influences the circulatory response to VIP.
  • To assess the role of VIP in cardiovascular regulation during hypoxemia.

Main Methods:

  • 35 awake Sprague-Dawley rats underwent catheterization for monitoring cardiovascular parameters.
  • Intra-arterial infusion of VIP at low and high doses (1.5 ng/min and 44.1 ng/min) was performed.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cardiac output distribution was measured using 125I-labeled microspheres.
  • Hypoxemia was induced by exposure to a 10% oxygen environment in the high VIP dose group.

    • Main Results:

    • High-dose VIP significantly reduced blood flow to the splanchnic circulation.
    • Hypoxemia potentiated the reduction in splanchnic blood flow caused by high-dose VIP, especially in the ileum and colon.
    • Metabolic clearance of VIP increased with infusion rate but decreased during hypoxemia.

    Conclusions:

    • Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) affects splanchnic circulation only at high concentrations.
    • In hypoxemic conditions, VIP may play a role in cardiovascular compensation.
    • High concentrations of VIP combined with hypoxemia could contribute to ischemic bowel injury.