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Nitrogen speciation and transformations in fire-derived organic matter.

Dorisel Torres-Rojas1, Rachel Hestrin1, Dawit Solomon1,2

  • 1Soil and Crop Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta
|May 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vegetation fires significantly alter organic matter (OM) nitrogen structure, impacting carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles. Increased aromatic N in pyrogenic OM (PyOM) reduces C mineralization, influencing soil C persistence.

Keywords:
Aromatic N heterocyclesBiocharFireN contentNEXAFSOrganic C persistencePyrogenic organic N

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Area of Science:

  • Geochemistry
  • Soil Science
  • Biogeochemistry

Background:

  • Vegetation fires profoundly impact Earth's carbon (C) cycles, but their effects on nitrogen (N) biogeochemistry are less understood.
  • Pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM), a product of fires, plays a crucial role in soil C and N dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how charring organic matter (OM) to PyOM affects its molecular N structure.
  • To determine the influence of altered N structure on subsequent C and N mineralization potentials of PyOM.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Nitrogen near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy to analyze N molecular structure in uncharred OM and PyOM.
  • Quantified C and N mineralization through long-term (256 days) soil incubations of OM and PyOM derived from diverse plant sources and pyrolysis temperatures (350-700°C).

Main Results:

  • Increasing pyrolysis temperature significantly increased aromatic C=N and quaternary aromatic N content in PyOM.
  • Higher initial OM-N content correlated with increased heterocyclic aromatic N in PyOM.
  • A substantial increase in aromatic C=N structures in PyOM markedly decreased C mineralization (by 87%), while oxidized N functionalities promoted it.

Conclusions:

  • The molecular structure of N within PyOM, particularly the proportion of aromatic N heterocycles, is a key determinant of its C mineralization rate and persistence.
  • These findings highlight the critical role of N speciation in regulating the biogeochemical fate of fire-derived carbon.
  • The established quantitative structure-activity relationships offer a predictive framework for assessing PyOM's impact on soil C storage.