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Facial Emotion Recognition and Executive Functions in Insomnia Disorder: An Exploratory Study.

Katie Moraes de Almondes1, Francisco Wilson Nogueira Holanda Júnior2, Maria Emanuela Matos Leonardo1

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Individuals with insomnia show deficits in recognizing facial emotions, particularly fear, and exhibit impaired executive functions. These findings highlight a link between sleep disturbance and emotional processing difficulties.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Insomnia is linked to emotional processing changes and cognitive impairments.
  • Previous research suggests a connection between sleep disturbances and altered emotional regulation.
  • This study examines facial emotion recognition and executive functioning in insomnia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between facial emotion recognition and executive functioning in individuals with insomnia.
  • To compare these abilities between individuals with insomnia disorder and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • 11 individuals with insomnia disorder and 15 healthy controls participated.
  • Participants completed a facial emotion recognition task (static and dynamic stimuli).
  • Cognitive function, sleep quality, and mood were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Insomnia group performed worse in recognizing fear (p=0.001) and had lower verbal comprehension and perceptual organization scores (p=0.004).
  • A correlation was found between facial emotion recognition and cognitive tests (perceptual organization, cognitive flexibility, working memory).

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with insomnia may have impaired executive functions.
  • Insomnia is associated with difficulties in recognizing negative facial emotions like fear and sadness.