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Zinc Hyperaccumulation in Plants: A Review.

Habiba Balafrej1, Didier Bogusz2, Zine-El Abidine Triqui1

  • 1Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Physiologie Végétales, Centre de biotechnologie végétale et microbienne biodiversité et environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, 10000 Rabat, Maroc.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 6, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Zinc is vital for plant growth, but excess amounts cause toxicity. Certain plants, known as zinc hyperaccumulators, have unique adaptations to resist and accumulate this essential microelement.

Keywords:
bioavailabilityhyperaccumulationmolecular mechanismsplantstolerancezinc

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Plant Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Zinc is an essential microelement crucial for plant growth and development.
  • Abnormal zinc levels, often from human activities, can be toxic to ecosystems and humans.
  • Excess zinc induces morphological, biochemical, and physiological disorders in plants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms plants use to hyperaccumulate zinc.
  • To highlight the adaptations of zinc hyperaccumulator species.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on zinc hyperaccumulation in plants.
  • Analysis of physiological, biochemical, and molecular adaptations.
  • Compilation of known zinc hyperaccumulator plant species.

Main Results:

  • 28 plant species are identified as zinc hyperaccumulators.
  • These plants exhibit diverse adaptations for zinc resistance and accumulation.
  • Mechanisms vary between species and populations.

Conclusions:

  • Zinc hyperaccumulation involves complex, species-specific adaptations.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is key to managing zinc toxicity and utilization.
  • Further research into molecular pathways can inform agricultural and environmental strategies.