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Change in Growth and Diet Quality Among Preschool Children in Tokyo, Japan

Chisa Shinsugi1,2, Yukako Tani2, Kayo Kurotani1

  • 1National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.

Nutrients
|May 7, 2020
PubMed

Insights

This study found no significant link between diet quality and growth changes in preschool children over one year. Further research is needed to create a suitable diet quality index for healthy development in Japanese preschoolers.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Growth Monitoring
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Early life nutrition is critical for healthy growth and development.
  • Assessing diet quality in preschool children is important for monitoring health outcomes.
  • Understanding the relationship between diet and growth is key for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between one-year changes in growth and diet quality in preschool children.
  • To analyze the impact of diet quality on Body Mass Index for Age z-score (BAZ) and Height for Age z-score (HAZ).
  • To evaluate the utility of the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top (JFGST) score in assessing diet quality related to growth.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 110 preschool children (4-5 years old) in Adachi City, Tokyo, Japan, was studied.
  • Dietary intake was assessed using the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire for children (BDHQ3y).
  • Growth parameters (BAZ, HAZ) and diet quality (JFGST score) were analyzed using regression models.

Main Results:

  • No statistically significant association was found between one-year changes in growth (BAZ and HAZ) and diet quality scores (JFGST).
  • Regression analyses indicated no clear trend linking higher diet quality scores to improved growth outcomes.
  • The current diet quality index may not be sufficiently sensitive to detect growth associations in this population.

Conclusions:

  • The study did not establish a significant link between diet quality and growth changes in Japanese preschool children over one year.
  • Further research is recommended to develop and validate a more appropriate diet quality index for assessing healthy growth in this demographic.
  • Future studies should explore other dietary and non-dietary factors influencing preschooler growth in Japan.

Keywords:
JapanJapanese Food Guide Spinning Top score (JFGST score)brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ)child growthdiet qualitypreschool children

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