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An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
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Studies on functional and morphological aspects in human multinodular simple goiter tissues.

Meyer Knobel1, Helio Bisi2, Clovis de Araujo Peres3

  • 1Thyroid Laboratory, Hospital das Climcas, University of SĀao Paulo Medical School, SĀao Paulo, Brazil.

Endocrine Pathology
|May 7, 2020
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Summary

Multinodular goiters show altered iodine and thyroglobulin levels, with different adenosine 3

Keywords:
GoiterHuman ThyroidNormal ThyroidThyroglobulinThyroid Tissue

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Euthyroid multinodular goiters (SMG) represent a common thyroid condition with complex pathophysiology.
  • Understanding the molecular and functional differences between normal thyroid tissue and SMG is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the biochemical and morphological characteristics of human multinodular goiters (SMG) with normal thyroid tissue.
  • To investigate the response of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and sodium fluoride (NaF) in SMG and normal thyroid tissue.

Main Methods:

  • Assayed DNA, thyroglobulin (Tg), and stable iodine (127I) content in SMG and normal thyroid samples.
  • Quantitatively estimated histological components and correlated them with functional parameters.
  • Measured adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) levels in response to TSH and NaF stimulation.

Main Results:

  • SMG tissues had significantly lower iodine and thyroglobulin concentrations compared to normal thyroids.
  • The proportion of epithelial cells was significantly different in SMG versus normal thyroid tissue.
  • Basal cAMP levels were higher in SMG, and their response to TSH was blunted compared to normal thyroids, with no response to NaF in either.

Conclusions:

  • Human multinodular goiters exhibit distinct biochemical and functional properties compared to normal thyroid tissue.
  • Altered cAMP signaling in response to TSH suggests dysregulation in thyroid hormone production pathways within goiters.
  • The lack of correlation between functional and morphological data in SMG highlights the heterogeneity and complex pathogenesis of goiter.