A facile cooling-assisted solid-phase microextraction device for solvent-free sampling of polycyclic aromatic...

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Environmental Science
• Green Chemistry

Background:

• Solvent-free analysis is crucial for complex matrices.
• Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are significant environmental pollutants.
• Developing efficient extraction techniques for PAHs from soil is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

• To design and fabricate a cooling-assisted solid-phase microextraction (CA-SPME) device.
• To evaluate the CA-SPME device for solvent-free extraction of PAHs from soil.
• To optimize extraction parameters and assess the method's performance.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of a facile CA-SPME device using a commercial SPME probe.
• Application of matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) by grinding soil with silica gels.
• Investigation of heating temperature, cooling temperature, extraction time, and moisture content.

Main Results:

• Optimized CA-SPME with MSPD significantly enhanced PAH release and extraction efficiency.
• Good linearity (R²: 0.9586–0.9964) was achieved for PAHs (40–4000 ng g⁻¹).
• Low limits of detection (4.2–8.5 ng g⁻¹) and quantification (14.0–28.5 ng g⁻¹) were obtained with acceptable precision (RSD: 8.1–13.4%).

Conclusions:

• The developed CA-SPME device provides an effective and solvent-free method for PAH determination in soil.
• The integration of MSPD improves analyte release from the complex soil matrix.
• This approach offers a promising, environmentally friendly alternative for environmental pollutant analysis.