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Micronutrient status during paediatric critical illness: A scoping review
L V Marino1, F V Valla2, R M Beattie3
1Department of Dietetics/Speech & Language Therapy, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|May 7, 2020
Summary
Micronutrient needs in critically ill children lack evidence-based guidelines. More research is needed to understand their impact and optimal supplementation during pediatric critical illness and recovery.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric critical care medicine
- Nutritional science
- Clinical research
Background:
- Limited evidence-based recommendations exist for micronutrient requirements in critically ill children.
- Current recommendations are based on healthy children's nutrient intakes and expert opinion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review evidence on micronutrient status in critically ill children.
- To examine associations between micronutrient levels and clinical outcomes.
- To assess the impact of micronutrient supplementation on outcomes in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admissions.
Main Methods:
- A scoping review was conducted.
- Searches were performed using the NICE Healthcare Databases Advanced Search.
- Data from 35 included studies were analyzed using content analysis.
Main Results:
- Low levels of micronutrients were frequently observed in critically ill children.
- Identified themes included causes of aberrant micronutrient levels, associations with outcomes, and supplementation strategies.
- Serum micronutrient status was typically assessed upon admission.
Conclusions:
- Micronutrients should be provided to meet reference nutrient intakes during critical illness.
- Insufficient data exists to recommend routine high-dose supplementation, but further research is crucial.
- Well-designed prospective studies are needed to clarify pediatric micronutrient requirements, especially considering challenges with biomarker interpretation and the recovery phase.
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