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Towards clinically actionable digital phenotyping targets in schizophrenia.

Philip Henson1, Ian Barnett2, Matcheri Keshavan1

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Digital phenotyping reveals that consistent daily routines, tracked passively, correlate with reduced anxiety, depression, and psychosis symptoms in schizophrenia patients. This offers new digital health targets for mental illness recovery.

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Area of Science:

  • Digital phenotyping
  • Mental health technology
  • Schizophrenia research

Background:

  • Digital phenotyping offers real-time insights into mental illness lived experiences and recovery.
  • Social rhythms are crucial for bipolar disorder recovery, but their digital phenotyping in schizophrenia is understudied.
  • Investigating active and passive data for social rhythm targets in schizophrenia is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the relationship between active and passive digital data for social rhythm insights in schizophrenia.
  • To identify clinically actionable information regarding social rhythms using temporal stability and variance.
  • To assess population-level associations between digital data and schizophrenia symptomatology.

Main Methods:

  • Explored active and passive data relationships focusing on temporal stability and variance.
  • Utilized individual data clustering to find overlaps between active and passive features in schizophrenia.
  • Analyzed population-level associations between passive data features ('Circadian Routine', 'Weekend Day Routine') and symptoms in schizophrenia and healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • Found a 19% cluster overlap between active and passive data features in individuals with schizophrenia.
  • In schizophrenia, 'Circadian Routine' and 'Weekend Day Routine' negatively correlated with anxiety, depression, psychosis, and poor sleep (Spearman ρ: -0.23 to -0.30).
  • Healthy controls showed positive correlations between stable social rhythms and symptomatology (Spearman ρ: 0.20 to 0.44).

Conclusions:

  • Digital phenotyping provides clinically relevant data on how daily routines impact schizophrenia symptomatology.
  • Negative correlations between passive digital markers of routine and adverse symptoms in schizophrenia suggest an actionable clinical target.
  • Further investigation into smartphone-based digital phenotyping for schizophrenia symptom management is warranted.