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Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...

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Updated: Dec 22, 2025

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Processing for Clinical Applications Using a Closed Semi-Automated Workflow

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Processing for Clinical Applications Using a Closed Semi-Automated Workflow

Published on: March 17, 2023

Recent Progress in Engineering Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation.

Alexander Halim¹, Agnes Dwi Ariyanti², Qing Luo¹

¹Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.

Stem Cell Reviews and Reports

|May 7, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can treat diseases by differentiating into various cell types. Both biochemical and biophysical stimuli effectively guide MSC differentiation for tissue repair and cellular therapy.

Keywords:

Biochemical stimuli Biophysical stimuli Differentiation Mesenchymal stem cells Tissue repair

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Stem Cell Biology
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are crucial for cell-based therapies due to their differentiation potential.
Efficient differentiation protocols are vital for repairing damaged tissues and treating degenerative diseases.
Understanding cues that direct stem cell differentiation is critical for effective tissue healing.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent literature on biochemical and biophysical stimuli regulating mesenchymal stem cell differentiation.
To explore the application of various cues in directing stem cell fate for therapeutic purposes.
To assess the potential of these stimuli for clinical translation in regenerative medicine.

Main Methods:

Extensive literature search conducted using Medline/Pubmed database.
Review of studies utilizing biochemical stimuli (small molecules, growth factors, miRNA).
Analysis of research on biophysical stimuli (mechanical strain, fluid shear stress, microgravity, electrical stimulation, matrix stiffness, topography).

Main Results:

Both biochemical and biophysical stimuli significantly influence stem cell behavior and differentiation.
Biochemical cues traditionally regulate stem cell fate.
Biophysical stimuli are sensed by stem cells via mechanical receptors, affecting their differentiation potential.
Recent literature highlights the combined application of biochemical and biophysical cues.

Conclusions:

Biochemical and biophysical stimulation offers promising strategies for manipulating mesenchymal stem cell differentiation.
These methods present an attractive approach for lineage commitment in stem cells.
Challenges remain in clinical translation, but the potential for tissue healing and cellular therapy is substantial.