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Can Ferroelectricity Improve Organic Solar Cells?

Mustapha Abdu-Aguye1, Nutifafa Y Doumon1,2,3, Ivan Terzic4

  • 1Photophysics and Optoelectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747AG, The Netherlands.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications
|May 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Block copolymers of semiconducting and ferroelectric polymers were synthesized for organic solar cells. However, these blends showed decreased performance due to unfavorable nanomorphology, and ferroelectric compensation limited photovoltaic improvements.

Keywords:
PCBMferroelectricityorganic photovoltaicsorganic solar cellspoly(3-hexylthiophene)poly(vinylidene difluoride trifluoroethylene)

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Organic Electronics

Background:

  • Semiconducting (SC) and ferroelectric (FE) polymer blends are explored for organic photovoltaics (OPVs) and resistive memory applications.
  • The local electric field from FE dipoles could enhance exciton dissociation in OPVs, improving power conversion efficiency.
  • Processing incompatibility between SC and FE polymers hinders blend fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and investigate the photophysical properties and device performance of organic solar cells incorporating a novel block copolymer.
  • To overcome processing challenges by integrating SC (poly(3-hexylthiophene): P3HT) and FE (poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene): P(VDF-TrFE)) components into a single block copolymer.
  • To explore the impact of this block copolymer on the nanomorphology and photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells blended with P3HT and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester ([60]PCBM).

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a block copolymer combining P(VDF-TrFE) and P3HT.
  • Fabrication of thin films using suitable solvents for the block copolymer.
  • Characterization of photophysical properties and device performance of organic solar cells containing the block copolymer, P3HT, and [60]PCBM.
  • Investigation of the role of lithium fluoride (LiF) as a cathode modification layer.

Main Results:

  • Organic solar cells blended with the P3HT:P(VDF-TrFE) block copolymer and [60]PCBM exhibited decreased photovoltaic performance.
  • The performance decrease is attributed to a less favorable nanomorphology in the presence of the block copolymer.
  • Lithium fluoride (LiF) was found to prevent the ferroelectricity of the copolymer from enhancing photovoltaic performance due to ferroelectric compensation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed block copolymer allows for facile fabrication of smooth thin films from compatible solvents.
  • The addition of the block copolymer to P3HT:[60]PCBM blends negatively impacts device performance due to unfavorable nanomorphology.
  • Ferroelectric compensation by LiF limits the potential benefits of ferroelectricity in these organic solar cell blends.