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An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis
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Endovascular Treatment of Intracerebral Giant Cell Arteritis

Claus Z Simonsen1, Lasse Speiser2, Ib Tønder Hansen3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Frontiers in Neurology
|May 7, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) can affect brain vessels causing stroke. Endovascular balloon dilatation offers a feasible treatment for GCA stroke unresponsive to immunosuppression.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a prevalent large-vessel systemic vasculitis.
  • Cerebral vessel involvement in GCA can lead to ischemic stroke.
  • Standard immunosuppression may be insufficient for GCA-related cerebral vasculitis.

Observation:

  • Four GCA patients presented with stroke due to cerebral vessel stenosis.
  • These patients were refractory to aggressive immunosuppressive therapy.
  • Endovascular balloon dilatation was employed to treat stenotic cerebral arteries.

Findings:

  • The endovascular procedure involved 16 vessel dilatations across nine sessions.
  • The treatment was observed to be safe, with two asymptomatic dissections.
  • Clinical outcomes related to the GCA stroke were positive post-intervention.

Implications:

  • Endovascular therapy presents a viable treatment option for GCA-induced stroke.
  • This approach is particularly relevant for patients unresponsive to immunosuppressive drugs.
  • Further research into endovascular techniques for GCA is warranted.

Keywords:
endovascular therapygiant cell arteritisimmunosuppressionstrokevasculitis

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