Comparing case-based and lecture-based learning strategies for orthodontic case diagnosis: A randomized controlled trial

Case-based learning (CBL), in contrast to traditional lecture-based learning (LBL), is an andragogical method carrying an earnest teaching approach that uses demonstration of clinical cases as an active learning tool.

To compare the effectiveness of knowledge delivery and student satisfaction between CBL and LBL strategies to diagnose orthodontic cases.

A single-blinded randomized controlled trial was performed. The sample of dental undergraduate students was randomly divided into 2 groups. Average GPA among the groups was compared to establish the baseline measure. Visual slides of 6 orthodontic diagnostic cases were presented to the students after implementing the teaching strategies, and a rubrics-based assessment method was adopted to assess the effectiveness in diagnosis. A questionnaire was distributed to compare the level of satisfaction between the groups exposed to CBL and LBL. A t-test was performed to assess the difference in effectiveness, while Cochran-Armitage trend analysis was performed to analyze the difference in the level of satisfaction between LBL and CBL experiences.

We detected no significant (P = 0.11) relation of gender with effective orthodontic diagnosis. The orthodontic diagnostic ability of students for the 6 cases was significantly different (P < 0.05) in the CBL and LBL groups. The satisfaction score obtained for the CBL group was higher than for the LBL group (P < 0.05).

The current study provides evidence that CBL is an effective and acceptable teaching strategy in comparison to traditional LBL among undergraduate dental students embarking on an orthodontic diagnostic course.