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Related Concept Videos

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Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
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Updated: Dec 22, 2025

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From Theranostics to Immunotheranostics: the Concept.

Niklaus Schaefer1, John O Prior1, Margret Schottelius1,2

  • 11Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Department, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.

Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
|May 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immunotheranostics combines nuclear medicine and immune oncology to improve cancer treatment. This approach uses radioisotopes for imaging and therapy, targeting the tumor microenvironment to enhance patient outcomes.

Keywords:
ImmunooncologyImmunotheranosticsPD-1PD-L1PET/CTTheranostics

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Medical Oncology
  • Immunotherapy

Background:

  • Immune oncology (IO) offers promising cancer treatment but has limited efficacy in many patients.
  • The tumor microenvironment (TME) is often immunosuppressive, hindering effective IO treatment.
  • Theranostic procedures in nuclear medicine offer targeted diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and define the concept of immunotheranostics.
  • To highlight the synergistic potential of nuclear medicine and IO.
  • To propose immunotheranostics as a strategy to enhance IO treatment success.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing molecular imaging to assess the tumor microenvironment.
  • Employing diagnostic and therapeutic radioisotopes for targeted modulation of the TME.
  • Integrating theranostic principles with immune oncology strategies.

Main Results:

  • Immunotheranostics leverages radioisotopes for both imaging and targeted therapy.
  • This approach aims to overcome the immunosuppressive TME.
  • Potential for significantly improving patient response to IO therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Immunotheranostics represents a significant advancement in nuclear medicine and medical oncology.
  • The integration of nuclear medicine and IO is crucial for improving cancer patient outcomes.
  • Further development of immunotheranostics is essential to augment IO treatment efficacy.