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Two-dimensional pnictogens, including phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth, show promise for electronic devices. This review explores their applications in transistors, photodetectors, and various sensors.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Pnictogens are monoelemental 2D materials with distinct structural allotropes (orthorhombic and rhombohedral).
  • These materials exhibit semiconducting properties due to their unique electronic structure.
  • Pnictogens have potential applications in advanced electronic devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current applications of pnictogens in sensing and electronic devices.
  • To highlight the potential of pnictogen-based materials for transistors and sensors.
  • To discuss challenges and opportunities in pnictogen material utilization.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on pnictogen materials.
  • Analysis of structural and electronic properties of pnictogens.
  • Synthesis of information on device applications.

Main Results:

  • Pnictogens are suitable for transistors, photodetectors, gas sensors, and chemical/electrochemical sensors.
  • Orthorhombic and rhombohedral structures offer different properties for device fabrication.
  • Surface oxidation can influence chemical sensing performance in liquid environments.

Conclusions:

  • Pnictogen-based 2D materials offer significant potential for next-generation electronic and sensing devices.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges like surface oxidation for optimal performance.
  • Pnictogens represent a promising class of materials for diverse technological applications.