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Toxocariasis and the clinical spectrum
1Medical Parasitology, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Advances in Parasitology
|May 9, 2020
Summary
Toxocara canis and T. cati infections impact millions globally, causing toxocarosis with varied clinical presentations. This overview details historical, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of human toxocarosis.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Parasitology
- Human Infectious Diseases
- Zoonotic Infections
Background:
- Toxocara canis and T. cati are globally prevalent helminths with significant zoonotic potential.
- Human toxocarosis manifests in several forms, including visceral larva migrans (VLM), ocular larva migrans (OLM), covert toxocarosis (covT), common toxocarosis (comT), and neurotoxocarosis (NT).
- Infections can range from asymptomatic to severe, impacting public health worldwide.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of toxocarosis in humans.
- To synthesize historical, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic information on human toxocarosis.
- To highlight the public health significance of Toxocara infections.
Main Methods:
- Synoptic review of existing literature.
- Compilation of historical data on Toxocara.
- Summarization of clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategies for human toxocarosis.
Main Results:
- Toxocara infections are widespread, posing a substantial zoonotic threat.
- Human toxocarosis presents diverse clinical syndromes (VLM, OLM, covT, comT, NT).
- The disease spectrum ranges from subclinical to severe manifestations.
Conclusions:
- Toxocarosis is a significant global health concern due to the prevalence of Toxocara species.
- Understanding the multifaceted nature of toxocarosis is crucial for effective management.
- Further research and public health initiatives are needed to control Toxocara transmission and its impact.
Keywords:
Common toxocarosisCovert toxocarosisNeurotoxocarosisOcular larva migransVisceral larva migransMore Related Videos
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