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Related Concept Videos

Drying Shrinkage01:21

Drying Shrinkage

295
When hardened concrete is exposed to air with a relative humidity of less than 100 percent, it begins to lose the free water within its capillaries. As this water evaporates, the water initially adsorbed onto the calcium silicate hydrates migrates towards these now empty spaces and eventually evaporates as well. Over time, as more water leaves, the volume of the concrete decreases, a phenomenon known as drying shrinkage.
A portion of this drying shrinkage can be reversed; if the concrete is...
295

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Methods for the Self-integration of Megamolecular Biopolymers on the Drying Air-LC Interface
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Macro- and Microstructural Evolution during Drying of Regenerated Cellulose Beads.

Hailong Li, Margarita Kruteva, Katarzyna Mystek

    ACS Nano
    |May 9, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    Drying regenerated cellulose gel beads from water causes significant structural changes, unlike drying from ethanol. Water-swollen cellulose beads transform from elongated to spherical structures during drying, impacting material properties.

    Keywords:
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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Polymer Chemistry
    • Biomaterials

    Background:

    • Regenerated cellulose is a versatile biomaterial used in various applications.
    • Understanding the drying process is crucial for controlling the microstructure and properties of cellulose-based materials.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the macro- and microstructural evolution of regenerated cellulose gel beads during drying from water and ethanol.
    • To elucidate the structural transitions occurring at the nanoscale during the drying of cellulose.

    Main Methods:

    • Optical microscopy
    • Analytical balance measurements
    • Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)
    • Wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS)

    Main Results:

    • Two characteristic length scales related to cellulose monomer and aggregates were identified by SAXS.
    • Drying from ethanol induced minimal structural changes, while drying from water caused a transition from elongated to spherical structures (3.6 to 13.5 nm).
    • Post-drying nanostructures from water consisted of rodlike cellulose monomers (0.5 nm) and spherical aggregates (13.5 nm), with no significant porosity.

    Conclusions:

    • The drying solvent significantly influences the structural evolution of regenerated cellulose gel beads.
    • Water-induced structural transitions during drying are complex and lead to specific nanostructures.
    • Findings provide insights for designing and applying cellulose materials in fibers, adhesives, and membranes.