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We propose using black hole-neutron star mergers to detect QCD axion dark matter. Gravitational waves and radio signals from these events could reveal dark matter spikes around black holes.

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Area of Science:

  • Astrophysics
  • Cosmology
  • Particle Physics

Background:

  • Dark matter constitutes a significant portion of the universe's mass.
  • QCD axions are a compelling dark matter candidate.
  • Black hole-neutron star (BHNS) mergers are powerful sources of gravitational waves and electromagnetic signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel multimessenger approach for detecting QCD axion dark matter.
  • To investigate the potential for dark matter spikes around intermediate-mass black holes.
  • To explore the observable signatures of axion dark matter in BHNS inspirals.

Main Methods:

  • Simulating the growth of dark matter spikes around intermediate-mass black holes.
  • Analyzing the effects of dark matter spikes on gravitational wave signals from BHNS inspirals.
  • Investigating axion-photon conversion in neutron star magnetospheres and its radio emission enhancement.
  • Projecting the observational capabilities of LISA and the Square Kilometre Array for detecting these signals.

Main Results:

  • A dense dark matter spike can form around intermediate-mass black holes.
  • The dark matter spike imprints a distinct phase shift on gravitational waves and enhances radio emission via resonant axion-photon conversion.
  • Gravitational wave observations can constrain dark matter density and predict radio emission.
  • QCD axion dark matter in the mass range 10^-7 to 10^-5 eV is potentially detectable.

Conclusions:

  • Multimessenger observations of BHNS inspirals offer a unique probe for QCD axion dark matter.
  • The synergy between gravitational wave and radio telescopes can enable detection.
  • This method provides a new window into the nature of dark matter.