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Related Concept Videos

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A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
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Related Experiment Video

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Microbiome profile associated with malignant pleural effusion.

Samira Shojaee1, Anukriti Sharma2, Neil Gottel2,3

  • 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA, United States of America.

Plos One
|May 9, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The pleural fluid microbiome differs between malignant and non-malignant effusions. Specific bacteria are enriched in malignant pleural effusions, suggesting a potential microbiome signature for diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Oncology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) diagnosis can be challenging.
  • Novel molecular markers are being explored to complement fluid cytology.
  • Distinct differences in pleural fluid microbiome profiles between malignant and non-malignant diseases are hypothesized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in the pleural fluid microbiome between malignant pleural effusion (MPE) and non-MPE.
  • To identify potential bacterial biomarkers associated with MPE.

Main Methods:

  • 16S rRNA gene V4 region amplicon sequencing was performed on pleural fluid samples.
  • Diversity analyses (alpha and beta) and differential abundance testing were conducted.
  • Exact Sequence Variants (ESVs) were used to analyze microbial composition.

Main Results:

  • MPE samples showed significantly greater alpha diversity than non-MPE samples.
  • Breast origin adenocarcinoma MPE (BA-MPE) was more diverse than lung origin adenocarcinoma MPE (LA-MPE).
  • Specific bacterial ESVs (family S24-7, genera Allobaculum, Stenotrophomonas, Epulopiscium) were enriched in the MPE group.

Conclusions:

  • This study demonstrates a distinct pleural fluid microbiome signature differentiating MPE from non-MPE.
  • The findings suggest the potential role of the microbiome in pleural effusion pathogenesis.
  • Further research is needed to explore the clinical utility of these microbiome signatures.