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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and mental disorders.

Chin-Chuen Lin1, Tiao-Lai Huang2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

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|May 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is crucial for brain neuroplasticity and psychiatric disorders. This review covers BDNF levels, genetics, and epigenetics in schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and bipolar disorder.

Keywords:
Bipolar disorderBrain-derived neurotrophic factorEpigeneticsMajor depressive disorderProteomicsSchizophrenia

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key neurotrophin regulating neuroplasticity.
  • BDNF is extensively studied in psychiatric disorders due to its significant role.
  • Investigative techniques for BDNF have evolved, including protein, RNA, DNA, and epigenetic analyses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review findings on BDNF in major psychiatric disorders.
  • To explore BDNF's role across different molecular levels: protein, mRNA, DNA, and epigenetics.
  • To summarize research on BDNF in schizophrenia, major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar disorder.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on BDNF.
  • Analysis of studies measuring BDNF protein levels.
  • Examination of research on BDNF mRNA expression, Val66Met polymorphism, and epigenetic modifications.

Main Results:

  • BDNF alterations are implicated across schizophrenia, MDD, and bipolar disorder.
  • Findings vary across different molecular measures (protein, mRNA, DNA, epigenetics).
  • The Val66Met polymorphism and epigenetic modifications are increasingly recognized as relevant.

Conclusions:

  • BDNF is a significant molecular player in the pathophysiology of major psychiatric disorders.
  • A comprehensive understanding requires integrating data from protein, genetic, and epigenetic studies.
  • Further research into BDNF's complex roles is warranted for therapeutic development.