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Multi trace element profiling in pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi.

Silvia Wehmeier1, Emma Morrison1, Anthony Plato1

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Trace elements are vital for microbial pathogenicity during host infection.
  • Understanding elemental uptake in pathogenic fungi is key to developing new treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the uptake of 10 trace elements by three pathogenic fungi (Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus fumigatus) and a model yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).
  • To investigate the role of the cell wall in trace element storage and stress response in Candida albicans.

Main Methods:

  • Elemental analysis of yeast species grown in laboratory media.
  • Speciation analysis of intracellular trace element binding partners.
  • Treatment of Candida albicans with chelators and cell wall stressors.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in trace element composition (P, S, Fe, Zn, Co) were observed among yeast species.
  • Intracellular binding partners for sulfur, iron, and zinc varied between species.
  • Candida albicans showed higher Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn compared to Aspergillus fumigatus.
  • The cell wall of Candida albicans stores a substantial amount of calcium, which is mobilized under stress conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Pathogenic fungi exhibit distinct trace element uptake profiles.
  • The fungal cell wall serves as a significant storage site for calcium, influencing cellular responses to stress.