Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Isolation, Characterization, And High Throughput Extracellular Flux Analysis of Mouse Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells
09:40

Isolation, Characterization, And High Throughput Extracellular Flux Analysis of Mouse Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells

Published on: June 20, 2018

18.3K

Developmental loss, but not pharmacological suppression, of renal carbonic anhydrase 2 results in pyelonephritis

John Ketz1, Vijay Saxena2, Samuel Arregui2

  • 1Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.

American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology
|May 12, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Mice lacking carbonic anhydrase II (CA-II) showed increased urinary tract infection risk due to fewer renal intercalated cells. CA-II impacts kidney immune cell function and infection susceptibility.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Renal intercalated cells are crucial innate immune effectors.
  • Carbonic anhydrase II (CA-II) deficiency impacts renal intercalated cell populations.
  • Understanding CA-II's role in kidney infection is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of CA-II in pyelonephritis susceptibility.
  • To compare renal innate immunity in CA-II knockout and wild-type mice.
  • To assess the effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibition on urinary tract infection.

Main Methods:

  • Reciprocal renal transplantation between CA-II knockout and wild-type mice.
  • Pharmacological carbonic anhydrase suppression using acetazolamide.
  • Murine model of urinary tract infection with bacterial burden assessment.

Main Results:

  • Mice lacking CA-II in the kidney exhibited increased pyelonephritis risk.
  • Acetazolamide treatment led to reduced kidney bacterial load, attributed to diuresis-induced tubular flow.
  • Isolated CA-II knockout kidney cells showed altered innate immune gene expression in intercalated cells.

Conclusions:

  • Intercalated cell number and function are key determinants of pyelonephritis risk.
  • CA-II plays a significant role in renal innate immunity and defense against urinary tract infections.
  • Targeting tubular flow may offer a therapeutic strategy for managing kidney infections.
Keywords:
acidosiscollecting ductinnate immunityurinary tract infection

More Related Videos

Implementing Patch Clamp and Live Fluorescence Microscopy to Monitor Functional Properties of Freshly Isolated PKD Epithelium08:46

Implementing Patch Clamp and Live Fluorescence Microscopy to Monitor Functional Properties of Freshly Isolated PKD Epithelium

Published on: September 1, 2015

10.1K
Intrarenal Injection of Escherichia coli in a Rat Model of Pyelonephritis06:09

Intrarenal Injection of Escherichia coli in a Rat Model of Pyelonephritis

Published on: July 18, 2017

8.5K

Related Concept Videos

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
347
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
207
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
721
Nephrons01:10

Nephrons

The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma...
5.9K
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
207
Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct01:24

Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct

The renal tubule is divided into three parts: the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), the Loop of Henle (LOH), and the distal convoluted tubule (DCT).
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):
The PCT is the initial segment of the renal tubule, extending from the Bowman's capsule that encloses the glomerulus. Its convoluted structure and microvilli-lined cells increase the surface area for reabsorption. The PCT reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, sodium, and water from the filtrate, ensuring essential...
2.8K