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[Echocardiography methods in the diagnosis of cardiomyopathies in children]
1Kardiozentrum, Universitätsklinik in Motol, Prag, CSSR.
Insights
Echocardiography revealed distinct patterns in pediatric cardiomyopathy (CMP). Dilated CMP showed enlarged chambers and impaired function, while hypertrophic CMP presented with thickened walls and preserved systolic function but diastolic dysfunction.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Cardiovascular Imaging
- Echocardiography
Context:
- Cardiomyopathy (CMP) is a significant concern in children.
- Echocardiography (ECHO) is a key diagnostic tool for pediatric cardiac conditions.
- Understanding CMP subtypes is crucial for appropriate management.
Purpose:
- To characterize echocardiographic findings in different types of pediatric cardiomyopathy.
- To compare systolic and diastolic function across dilated, hypertrophic, and restrictive CMP.
- To identify common associated conditions like mitral insufficiency.
Summary:
- Dilated CMP (29 children) exhibited left ventricular and atrial enlargement, reduced systolic/diastolic function, and 81% mitral insufficiency.
- Hypertrophic CMP (25 children) showed decreased left ventricular size, increased systolic function, diastolic dysfunction, and 54% mitral insufficiency.
- Restrictive CMP (5 children) was characterized by extreme left atrial enlargement and diastolic dysfunction.
Impact:
- Provides detailed echocardiographic parameters for diagnosing and differentiating pediatric CMP subtypes.
- Highlights the prevalence of mitral insufficiency in these pediatric populations.
- Contributes to the understanding of cardiac mechanics in pediatric cardiomyopathy.
Abstract:
We investigated 59 children with cardiomyopathy (CMP) by echocardiographic methods (ECHO). 29 children with dilated CMP showed typical enlargement of the left ventricle 159 +/- 31%, xxx; (% of normal value +/- SD) and of the left atrium (143 +/- 27%, xxx). Systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle were decreased, systolic change in size of the left ventricle % delta D = 16 +/- 7%; xxx; systolic change in area of the left ventricle % delta A = 20 +/- 8%; xxx; maximum filling rate of the left ventricle in the phase of quick filling E max = 0.37 +/- 0.09 m. sec-1, xxx; the percentage of filling in the first third of diastole 0.33 DA = 37 +/- 9%, xx. Mitral insufficiency was found by us in 81% of children. In 25 children with hypertrophic CMP the size of left ventricle was decreased (81 +/- 13%, xxx). Asymmetric septal hypertrophy was found by us in 69% of children, symmetric hypertrophy in 27%, local hypertrophy of the apex in 4%. Systolic function of the left ventricle was increased (% delta D = 47 +/- 10%, xxx; % delta A = 70 +/- 10%, xxx). Diastolic dysfunction manifested itself by reduced E max (0.71 +/- 0.19 m.sec-1, xx) and 0.33 DA (45 +/- 12%, x). Mitral insufficiency was found in 54% of the children. In the case of the 5 children with restrictive CMP an extreme enlargement of left atrium (195 +/- 41%, xxx) was typical, as well as diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle (0.33 DA = 67 +/- 6%, x).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)