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Density compensated diodes for small field dosimetry: comprehensive testing and implications for design.

Georgios Georgiou1, Sudhir Kumar, Jan U Würfel

  • 1Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, The Sherrington Building, Ashton Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom. Department of Physics, Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Clatterbridge Road, Wirral CH63 4JY, United Kingdom. Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, Oxford Street, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom.

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Summary

Modifying diode dosimeters with airgaps significantly improved accuracy in small megavoltage photon fields. A 1.6 mm airgap yielded the best results, reducing errors in radiation measurements.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Dosimetry

Background:

  • Accurate dose measurement in small megavoltage photon fields is crucial for radiotherapy.
  • Unmodified diode dosimeters can exhibit significant errors in these fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the accuracy of an unmodified PTW 60017 diode and modified versions with airgaps in small photon fields.
  • To determine the optimal airgap thickness for density compensation and improve dosimeter performance.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental measurements using a Varian TrueBeam linac and Gafchromic film.
  • Computational simulations using EGSnrc/BEAMnrc Monte Carlo code.
  • Micro-CT imaging to investigate detector characteristics and discrepancies between experimental and computational results.

Main Results:

  • Unmodified diode showed errors up to 11.9% computationally and 11.7% experimentally.
  • A diode modified with a 1.6 mm airgap demonstrated best performance, with maximum errors of 2.2% (computational) and 4.1% (experimental).
  • Differences in detector response were linked to variations in epoxy resin layer thickness.

Conclusions:

  • Density compensation using airgaps significantly improves the dosimetric performance of 60017 diode detectors in small photon fields.
  • Reducing tolerances on dense component dimensions or modifying them to be more water-like is necessary for reproducible results.